Observation

This question was attempted by many candidates and their performance was fair. In part (a) the candidates misconstrued causes of poor posture to types of poor posture. Some of their responses to the question are; scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis, photosis, pectoralis e.t.c. in part (b)(i) many candidates did well, but some candidates could not correctly state causes of kyphosis, they gave wrong answers such as they are caused by crab work, bowleg, underweight e.t.c.  (b)(ii) many candidates did well, but some gave wrong answers such as quadriceps, scoliosis, handicapped person, bowleg .e.t.c.

The expected answers are as follow:

6. (a)   CAUSES OF POOR POSTURE
-           congenital/genetics/hereditary
-           diseases
-           occupation/job/nature of work/explained
-           injury/accident
-           weak muscles
-           malnutrition/poor diet/explained
-           ageing
-           bad habits of walking / standing / sitting / lying
-           carrying heavy weight
Any 4 x 1  4 marks
(b) (i) CAUSES OF KYPHOSIS
-           carrying heavy loads on the back
-           poor walking habit/explained
-           congenital/genetics/hereditary
-           poor eyesight causing children to bend forward in class
-           poor standing posture of young children
-           malformation of upper limb/faulty bone formation/explained
-           accident/explained
-            imitation
-            lack of balanced diet
-            weak back muscles/explained
Any 3 x 1   3 Marks
(ii) CAUSES OF LORDOSIS

•  accident/explained
• congenital/genetics/hereditary/explained
• weak abdominal / lower back muscles
• standing/walking with chest out
• diseases – TB of the spine, osteoporosis etc.
• limitation.