Question 1
1. (a) Specify one type of foundation suitable for each of the following:
(i) reinforced concrete framed building;
(ii) sandcrete blockwall on a moderately firm ground;
(iii) brickwall domestic building on a made-up ground;
(iv) a two storey building on a deep marshy clay soil.
(b) List four tools used in setting out a building.
(c) Sketch a cross section through a substructure wall and label the following parts:
- concrete strip foundation;
- sandcrete blockwall;
- hardcore filling;
- damp proof course.
Observation
Majority of the candidates were able to:
- specify the type of foundation used on a moderately firm ground and made-up ground;
- list some tools used in setting out a building;
- sketch a cross-section through a substructure wall.
However, few of them were not able to:
- specify the type of foundation suitable for reinforced concrete framed building; and a two storey building on a deep marshy clay soil;
- label the sketch of a substructure wall correctly.
The expected response to question 1 is as given below:
1(a) Type of foundation suitable for each of the following are:
- Pad;
- Strip;
- Raft;
- Pile foundation/short bored pile.
(b) Tools used in setting out a building are:
- builders square/steel square;
- claw hammer;
- club hammer;
- builders line;
- crow bar;
- spirit level;
- measuring tape;
- ball pein hammer;
- hand saw;
- pegs.
