Question 1
(1) (a) State one difference between hardwood and softwood under each of the following headings:
(i) shape of leaf;
(ii) type of pore;
(iii) type of seed.
(b) (i) Name the method used for converting a log with a faulty heart.
(i) Use a sketch to illustrate the method named in b(i)
(c) Name two methods of seasoning timber.
(d) Sketch each of the following timber defects:
(i) dead knot;
(ii) end check.
Observation
Candidates scored good marks in this question, but most of the candidates wasted time by describing in details the differences.
The expected response is given below:
(a) Hardwood:
(i) Shape of leaf – broad leaves
(ii) Type of pore – pored
(iii) Seeds – seeds in fruits/encased.
(b) Softwood:
(i) Shape of leaf – needle – like leaves/narrow leaves
(ii) Type of pore – non-pored
(iii) Seeds – naked or in cones.