Observation

(A)

1. Permanence;
2. Neutrality/impartiality;
3. Anonymity;
4. Expertise;
5. Hierarchy.

This was another popular question and was attempted by almost all the candidates.   The performance of the candidates who answered it was good as they really understood its demands. However, some candidates did not do well in the (b) part and they scored low marks by listing the points without further explanations. The candidates were expected to provide the following answers to the question.
(a)        Features of the Civil Service.
(i)         Permanence:  The civil service is essentially a permanent institution which does not change with change in government. Staff enjoys security of tenure of office.
(ii)        Neutrality/Impartiality:  Civil servants are not involved in partisan   politics. They work with any government in power without fear or favour.
(iii)       Anonymity: Civil servants are expected to work behind the scene    without being seen. They are neither to be blamed nor praised for any action or inaction of the government.
(iv)       Expertise: They are expected to possess specialize/professional skills in their area of operation.
(v)        Hierarchy: Civil servants are in grades arising from promotion or  elevation. The grades can be achieved through training, oral interview  or competitive examination.

(b)       Functions of the Administrative class

(i)         Administrative class advises the political head.
(ii)        To assist the government in policy formulation.
(iii)       To conduct research with a view to solving problems.
(iv)       To provide the government with the necessary information/data and statistics for policy and decision making.
(v)        To help ministers to prepare bills to be laid before cabinet and parliament.
(vi)       To perform disciplinary functions.
(vii)      To help minister to prepare speeches and organize press conferences.
(viii)     To help in the signing of local   and international agreements.
(ix)       To help the minister prepare for question time in parliament.
(x)        Management function- to supervise the subordinate classes.
(xi)       To represent the executive at important functions.
(xii)      Financial function-to prepare budget for the executive.