Observation

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 (a) In not less than three hundred (300) words, the candidate was required to write on the development projects executed by a prominent person. In doing that, he is expected to identify the person, list the projects and highlight on their impacts to the people in the town

The following steps and points are relevant:

• Sunan mutumin;
• Sunan garin da ya yi aikin;
• Muqaminsa;
• Shahararsa;
• Sana’arsa:

            › Xan kasuwa;
            › Xan siyasa;
            › Basarake;
            › Babban ma’aikaci;
            › Malami, da sauransu.

• Muhimman ayyukan da ya yi:

› Kyautata ilimi

› Kafa masana’antu;
› Tallafawa ga samar da wutar lantarki;
› Gina magudanan ruwa;
› Kafa gidauniyar taimakon al’umma, da sauransu. 

-     Amfaninsu ga rayuwar jama’ar garin, da sauransu;

Candidates’ performance on this question was fairly

(b) Muhimmancin samar da ilimin kimiyya da fasaha a qasar nan.

     The impact of the provision of science and technical education in this country.

 This is an Expository Essay and the candidate was required to write on how the provision of science and technical education will impact the country and its citizenry. Thus, some major points expected include:

- Gabatarwa:

Ma’anar kimiyya da fasaha:
Ilimin kimiyya da fasaha shi ne ilimin qere-qere da qirqire-qirqire da sanin hanyoyin sarrafa abubuwa don samun ci gaba da sauqaqa rayuwar al’umma.

-  Muhimmancin samar da ilimin kimiyya da fasaha:

            › Kafa kamfanoni da masana’antu;
            › Samar da ayyukan yi ga ’yan qasa;
            › Samar da qwararrun a fannonin ilimi da rayuwa daban-daban;
            › Samar da tsaro da zaman lafiya;
            › Xaukaka matsayin qasa a idon duniya;
            › Kyautata muhalli da rayuwar al’umma baki xaya;
            › Bunqasa tattalin arziqi;
            › Sauqaqa hanyoyin noma da kiwo don samar da abinci;
            › Dogaro da kai a matsayin qasa;

› Kyautata hulxa tsakanin qasashe, da sauransu.

Few candidates attempted the question and their performance was fair.

  (c) The question above is on dialogue. It sought the opinion of the candidate as regards the leasing of farmlands to the foreigners, whether it will be to the advantage or disadvantage of the country. In attempting the question, the candidate was expected to advance convincing reasons for his stance. The following points are considered relevant:

• Gabatarwa:

› Bayyana ra’ayin da aka zava; dacewa ko rashin dacewa;
› Bayanin manufar ba wa Turawa filayen noma;
› Bayanin ma’ana ko muhimmancin noma,da sauransu.

(i) Dacewa:

• Kafa hujjoji:

› Kawo bunqasar tattalin arziqin qasa;
› Kawo wadatar abinci a cikin qasa;
› Kawo xaukaka ga qasa a idon duniya;
› Kawo dagaro da kai;
› Kawo fahimtar juna a tsakanin qasa da qasa;
› Samar da aikin yi ga ’yan qasa;
› Samar da sababbin dabarun noma na zamani;
› Samar da kayan aikin gona na zamani;
› Samar da aikin yi da maganin zaman banza;                   

› Samar da ingantattun iraruwan shuka da na 
  dabbobi da tsuntsaye;      
› Rage yawan shigo da abinci daga qasashen waje;
› Kyautata hulxa da sauran qasashe;
› Yaxawa da musayar al’adu tsakanin qasashe;

(ii) Rashin dacewa:

 - Kafa hujjoji:
            › Kawo talauci ga qasa;
            › Kawo gushewar dabarun noma na gargajiya;
› Kawo janyewar tallafin da gwamnati take bayarwa
   ga vangaren noma;                         
› Kawo lalaci da watsi da noma a zukatan ’yan   
  qasa;
› Kawar da hankalin gwamnati a vangaren noma;
› Karya qananan manoma;
› Karya tattalin arziqin qasa;
› Haifar da mamayar gonakin manoma ’yan qasa;
› Haifar da sabon salon mulkin mallaka da bautar da 
  ’yan qasa;

 › Yaudarar ’yan qasa ta hanyar haqar ma’dinai ba bisa qa’ida ba;
› Rashin zaman cuxe-ni-in-cuxe-ka tsakaninmu da su;                      
›  Haifar da rashin zaman lafiya da tsaro a qasa;
›  Vacewar nagartattun iraruwa na gargajiya;
› Jefa qasa da al’ummarta a cikin talauci da
  maula;     
› Nuna gazawar gwamnati wajen tallafa wa  
  manoma ’yan qasa, da sauransu.

   Few candidates attempted the question and their performance was fair.

(d) This is a formal letter. 

The candidate was expected to write on the topic using the following format:

(i) Sigar wasiƙa:

                                    Adireshin mai rubutu;
                                    Kwanan wata;
                                    Adireshin wanda aka rubuta wa;
                                    Sallamar buxewa;
                                    Taken wasiqa;
                                    Sallamar rufewa.

The content of the letter may include the following points among others:

   (ii) Gundarin wasiƙa:

- Yin kyakkyawan tsari da shirin zave na adalci:

› Tabbatar da doka da oda;
› Hukunta masu karya dokar zave;
› Wayar da kan masu jefa quri’a;
› Samar da dabaru ko hanyoyin tantance masu kaxa quri’a
   na zamani masu inganci;
› Xaukar ma’aikata da malaman zave nagari;
› Samar da jami’an tsaro da ba su kayan aiki wadatattu;
› Bayyana sakamakon zave kamar yadda ya kasance kuma   
   a kan lokaci;
› Gudanar da zave a kan lokaci, da sauransu.  

• Kiyaye haqqin ’yan takara;
• Bayar da alawus mai tsoka ga malaman zave;
• Kula da haqqoqin ma’aikatan hukumar zave;
• Hukunta masu yin maguxin zave;
• Wayar  da kan al’umma baki xaya game da matakan gudanar da zave, da sauransu. 

Many candidates attempted the question and their performance was fair.

(e) The statement above is a proverb.

The candidate was required to give its meaning, narrate a story that interprets the proverb and further identify other similar proverbs, for example:

• Xan malam ka qi halin malam.
• Idan ka haifi mutum ba ka haifi halinsa ba.
• Fita zakka.
• Xan Adam mai wuyar gane hali.
• Halin mutum sai Allah.
• Mutum tara yake bai cika goma ba.
• Ana zaton wuta a maqera sai ta tashi a masaqa.

Few candidates attempted the question and their performance was poor.