Observation

This is also a question on sound system and candidate was required to explain the position of the glottis when it is open in (3a) and affricate in (3b). The following explanations were expected to be enumerated:

(a)        Maƙwallato a buxe:

• Sakewar tantanin maqwallato sosai da barin maqwallaton a buxe wagaga ;
• Ficewar iska ba tare da wata tangarxa ba;
• Rashin samuwar ziza; 

• Misalin sautukan da ake samarwa ta wannan yanayi su ne:

/s/                    
/t/                    
/k/
/q/
/kw/
/ky/
/qw/                
/qy/

(b)        Xan atishawa:

                                    -  Toshewar mafitar iska na xan lokaci qanqani;
                                    -  Warewar mafurta da fitar iska a hankali;
                                    -  Furta sautuka masu zuza kamar:

                                                /ts/ - (c)
                                                /dz/ - (j)

(a) Bayanin matsayin maƙwallato:

Tantanin maƙwallato zai saki ko ya buɗe sai iska ta wuce kai-tsaye ba tare da ta gwada ƙarfi wajen ficewar ba. Ta haka ne ake samar da waɗannan sautuka, don haka dukansu marasa ziza ne.

(b)        Sautukan tsayau masu ziza:
Sautukan tsayau masu ziza su ne :

            /b/                    /gw/
            /d/                   /gy/
            /g/           

Candidates’ performance in this question was poor.