Observation

This question was attempted by many candidates and their performance was fair. 

In part (a) candidates correctly named the chambers of the human heart.                            

In part (b) candidates could not state functions of cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla oblongata, some candidates missed the functions of different parts of a brain together by writing maintenance

of body balance, works on the improvement of the various groups of muscles, constriction and dilation of the blood vessels.

 

The expected answers are as follows:

6.(a)     CHAMBERS OF THE HUMAN HEART

            -           right atrium/right auricle

            -           left atrium/left auricle

            -           right ventricle

            -           left ventricle                                       

 

 (b)(i)   FUNCTIONS OF CEREBRUM

            -           initiates and controls the contraction of voluntary muscle/seat of consciousness

            -           it is the site of memory/intelligence/sense of responsibility/reasoning

            -           controls sensory perception/perception of pain/temperature/touch/

sound/smell.

•       exerts a controlling force upon many reflexes eg. laughing                                                  

 

    (ii)    FUNCTIONS OF CEREBELLUM

•       - maintenance of muscular tone and sending impulses to voluntary muscles
•      - controls and coordinates the movements of various groups of muscles
•       - maintenance of the balance and equilibrium of the body
•       - influence the contraction of skeletal muscles                          

 

 (iii)    FUNCTIONS OF MEDULLA OBLONGATA

                       Controls:

•       - muscular movements
•       - the rate and force of heart beat
•       - the rate and depth of respiration
•       - the reflex actions of vomiting/coughing/sneezing
•       - vasoconstriction and vasodilation of blood vessels

           - serves as passage for impulses between the spinal cord and the rest of the brain