Observation

The expected answers were:
(a)

1. Database is an organized, collection of related data.

OR
A set of data organized in a structured manner
OR
An organized, collection of similar/related data/information for easy search and retrieval

2. Database management system is a set of programs that enables the user to store, modify and extract information from a database.

OR
A software that manages the database.
Program that provides users with the tools to add, delete, access, modify and analyse stored data in one location.
OR
Software to create, manipulate control and retrieve data stored in database 

      (b) Functions of a database management system are:

1. Redundancy control/Minimizes Data Repetition
2. Easy access and retrieval of data
3. Provision for backup and recovery
4. Maintenance of data integrity
5. Create database
6. User access control/security/protection of data
7. Data manipulation 
8. Data Storage Management
9. Concurrence/ Multi user Access control
10. Data transformation/ modification/editing
11. Provision of Data Access Language and Application programming interface
12. Transaction Management
13. Data Dictionary Management
14. Provides Database Communication interface
15. Report generation/presentation/output/formatting

(c) 

1. Overwriting an existing file
2. Hardware failure
3. Virus attack/Spyware/Malware/Malicious Software
4. Fire outbreak
5. Power failure
6. Software malfunction
7. Accidental/mistaken/unintentional deletion by user/Human error
8. Intentional deletion by user
9. Natural disaster
10. Exposure to Magnetic field
11. Physical/Mechanical damages to hard drive
12. Theft of Computer

                                                                                           (d) 

1. Power backup
2. Data backup/safe data
3. Proper shut down of computer
4. Use of anti-virus software and network firewalls/anti-spyware/anti-malware
5. Regular defragmentation
6. Encryption
7. User education                       
8. Avoid physical/mechanical contact    
9. Alert/warning before deletion
10. Labelling of storage devices
11. Avoid water/liquid spillage
12. Physical access control/restriction to computer
13. Access control mechanism/PIN/Password
14. Keep storage devices from magnetic substances/objects
15. Avoid removing storage devices while in use
16. Avoid movement of desktop computers while in operation/use

Candidates demonstrated good knowledge of database and safety of data in their responses.