Observation

A large number of candidates attempted this question. Some candidates mistakenly took collage for mosaic. While, another set erroneously defined dyeing as painting of clothes instead of seeing it as a process of adding colours to the fabric. They were expected to respond to the question thus:

(a)             Collage

• It is a French word that means pasting or glueing.
• It is more of abstract or non-figurative art.
• It is used to create designs/pictorial images.
• A picture built up entirely or partly with pieces of paper, cloth photograph and stucked on a suitable surface.
• Materials used may be from scraps (newspaper, waste cloth and other suitable material the artist pleases to use).
• It is a two-dimensional art.
• It encourages the use of imagination or initiative.
• It was invented by Georges Braque and Picasso and later continued by the surrealist in 1920s.

(b)             Basketry

• Art of making containers by plaiting and weaving with pliable materials.
• Natural materials used include palm frond, grass stalks, canes, straw, raffia and twigs.
• Methods of production include weaving, plaiting, coiling, knotting and stitching.
• Articles from basketry are used as food containers, trays, hand fans, caps/hats and other house hold items.
• It is the oldest craft in history as it originated from bird nest.
• Tools mostly used are knives, bodkins, shears, scissors, pliers and tapes.
• Articles from basketry include baskets, hats, mats, belts, bags and macrame dresses.
• It is a three- dimensional art.

(c)             Pottery

• It is a three- dimensional art.
• Art of producing objects in clay and hardening them by firing.
• The basic material used is clay.
• Methods of production include coiling, slabbing, pinching, throwing and scooping methods.
• Fired pottery items become terracotta after firing.
• Tools and equipment mostly used are beaters, spatula, scooping tools, cutting wires, kick wheel and kiln.
• Items produced include, earthen ware, water jars, cooking pots, other house hold utensils, and office items.

(d)             Printing

• Art of making an impression of words and pictures from one surface to the other.
• Equipment for printing include imported machines e.g., Gutenberg 201, Kord and sord machines
• The surfaces can be fabric, paper, papyrus or parchment, rock, wall and any suitable surface.
• Method of production includes, silkscreen printing, relief/lino printing, intaglio, planography and lithography.
• Tools mostly used are ink, lino cutters, rollers, wood block, mesh and squeegee.
• Items produced are, books, banners, posters, fliers, invitation cards and other printable documents.
• It originated from China.
• Origin of printing can as well be traced to ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.

                  
(e)              Dyeing

• Process of adding colours to textile produced.
• Textile products include, fibres, yarns and fabrics.
• Method of production is either by sprinkling or deeping.
• Fabrics to be dyed can be dyeing in plain, tied, waxed or stitched.
• Items produced through dyeing include, batiks cloth, tie-dye/adire.
• Dyed items play good roles in the society for social, religious, political and domestic purposes.
• Materials include dyes, fabric, plastic bowls and rubber gloves.