Observation

This was a popular question. All the candidates who attempted it demonstrated good understanding of the demands of the question; they performed creditably well and scored high marks in both parts. Nevertheless, some candidates deprived themselves of good marks as they were unable to give a clear difference between authority and constituted authority in the b part. In some other instances, they were writing about the constitution. Below are ways candidates were expected to have answered the question:

(a)       
Constituted authority refers to an individual, group or body vested with legitimate power to carry out specific duties for the common good of a group or society.
(b)      

1. Constituted authority facilitates the execution/implementation of theprogrammes of the society or group.
2. Constituted authorities assist in enforcing the rules and ensuring compliance by members of the society or group.
3. Constituted authorities assist in formulating policies and making decisionson behalf of the entire members of the society or group.
4. Constituted authority arbitrates when there is conflict among members of the society or group.
5. Constituted authority facilitates the making of laws, rules and regulations that guide the conduct of members of the group or society.
6. Constituted authorityprovides role models for the members of the group or society.
7. Constituted authority contributes to the social, economic and political development of the group or society.
8. Constituted authority contributes to the smooth running of the society.
9. Constituted authority ensures stability and continuity in the society.
10. Constituted authority helps to maintain good interpersonal/inter-communal relations