This question was attempted by many candidates and their performance was good. In part (a)(i) candidates correctly mentioned the type of joint shown in the diagram, in (a)(ii) candidates also named the parts labelled I to IV correctly but in (a)(iii) candidates could not correctly state functions of each of the parts labelled II,III and IV.
In part (b) candidates correctly mentioned injuries which could affect the joint illustrated in the diagrams. In part (c)(i) candidates correctly mentioned the location in the human body where the joint illustrated can be found and in (c)(ii) candidates also named the diseases that cause pains and swellings at the joint illustrated.
The expected answers are as follows:
2 (a)(i) Type of joint in the above diagram
- hinge joint
(ii) Naming the parts labelled
I - synovial membrane
II - synovial fluid
III - ligament
IV - cartilage/hyaline cartilage/articular cartilage
(iii) Function of the parts labelled II,III and IV
Function of II
- It serves as a lubricant during movement
- It nourishes the structures within the joint cavity
Function of III
Function of IV
- It prevents the surfaces of the bones from being worn-out whenever they rub against each other/reduces friction
(b) Injuries which could affect the illustrated diagram
- dislocation
- sprain
(c)(i) Location in the human body where the joint illustrated above could be found
- the knee/elbow
(ii) Disease that causes pains and swelling at the illustrated joint
- Arthritis of the joint/rheumatism
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