Observation

The question was widely attempted by all the candidates. Candidates performance was on the average. The candidates were expected to answer the question with the following points:

1. Advertising
   • It is taking photographs of products, goods and services.
   • It combines with texts to produce advertising designs.
   • It combines with texts to produce advertising designs.
   • The aim is to influence buyers and consumers towards patronage.
   • It promotes sales of goods and services.
   • Product shots often show details through close-ups.
2. Photojournalism
   • Telling visual stories.
   • Reporting news items through photographs.
   • Documentation in mass media.
   • Could be used to correct social ills/for surveillance.
   • Combines with text for narrative purposes.
   • Based on fact.
3. Forensic photography
   • Aims at solving crime.
   • Involves taking photographs of crime scenes.
   • It involves photographic presentation of physical evidences like finger prints and body marks.
   • It is employed mainly by detectives and crime fighters.
   • It is used to investigate occurrences such as theft, fraud, accident and gangsters.
   • It is important for forensic photograph to appear entirely natural.
   • Must be detailed, accurate with emphasis on closeness.
   • Macro lenses are commonly used here.
   • Aims at solving crimes.
4. Nature photography
   • It is about taking photographs of the environment.
   • This includes taking photographs of plants, animals and other non-living things that are in nature.
   • Could be for aesthetic or economic purposes.
   • Photographic subject/object in nature are found in landscapes, seascapes, atmosphere and mountains.
   • Wide angle and telephoto lenses are often used here.
5. Underwater
   • It involves taking photographs in aquatic environment.
   • Also known as marine photography.
   • Special skills such as swimming and diving are required in under water photography.
   • Specialized gadgets are required to function effectively (waterproof equipment).
   • It includes photographs of aquatic life and human operations under water e.g. oil exploration and welding.
   • Could be for research or economic purposes.
6. Architectural photography
   • It involves taking photographs of buildings, interiors and structures.
   • Examples are residential buildings, industries, churches, mosques, recreational centres, etc.
   • It also includes photographs of architectural skeletons, such as steel structures and architectural frame works e.g. stages in building and engineering constructions.
   • Uses specialised lenses like tilt-shift lens.
   •  Emphasis on aesthetics.
   • Could be interpretative or straight shooting/recording