Question 8
(a) Define impressionist in art.
(b) List any five impressionist artists.
(c) State any four influences of European art on African art.
Observation
The few candidates that attempted this question performed poorly. They were expected to answer the question in this manner:
- Definition of Impressionism
- A movement in painting that originated in France in 1860 (Late 19th
Century).
- Style of painting in which colour is used to suggest the truth of atmosphere rather than showing exact details.
- A movement in painting that followed realism.
- It is a word in art that was based on the title of Monet’s entry “Impression Rising Sun”.
- An art style in which artist tries to capture a momentary effect of light,
shadeand colour on art forms.
(b) Examples of Impressionist artists
- EdouardManet.
- Camille Pissarro.
- AugusteRenior.
- Edgar Degas.
- Georges Seurat.
- Paul Cezanne.
- Bertha Morisot.
- Auguste Rodin.
- Claude Monet.
- Pierre Auguste.
- Henri Matisse.
- Alfred Sisley.
- Mary Cassatt.
- GustareCailleBotte.
- Piet Mondrian.
- JeaquinSorolla.
- Max Lieber Mann.
- Edward Hopper.
- Juan Luna.
- John Singer Sargent.
- ToveJansson.
(c) Influences of European art on African art
- Traditional African artists started including European lifestyles in their
works.
- Use of European art media in their works.
- Art schools were open to the public.
- The use of Western art canons in the production of artworks.
- African artists were trained using Western art syllabuses.
- Philosophy behind the production of African art changed.
- Art that was mainly for religion and traditional purposes now include art
for beauty and decoration.
- Mixed media in art works now started.
- Traditional rulers no more control the production and buying of art as expatriates and rich people any art work of their interest.
- Traditional artists improved themselves as they are no more respected as before.
- Airport art came to practice.