Question 2
(a)Give two examples of each of the following fishing gear:
(i) Active;
(ii) Passive.
[4 marks]
(b) Mention three ways of maintaining fishing gear. [3 marks]
(c) State three advantages of using gill net for catching fish.. [3marks]
(d) List five items that are required for making a cast net [5 marks]
(e) Name the equipment that could be used to measure each of the following water quality parameters:
(i) pH;
(ii) turbidity;
(iii) temperature;
(iv)conductivity;
(v) dissolved oxygen. [5 marks]
Observation
This question was attempted by many candidates and their performances were good. Candidates’ responses however revealed that many do not know how a cast net looks like or how it is made as required in Question 2(d). In Question 2(e), some candidates were mixing up equipment with method. Also, some candidates wrote meter without the pH or dissolved oxygen.
The expected answers include:
(a) (i) Examples of active fishing gear
- Purse seine
- Cast net
- Seine net/ beach seine
- Trawl
- Spear/ harpoon
(ii) Examples of passive fishing gear
- Traps
- Trammel net
- Hook and line/ troll
- Set net /gill net
- Pole and line
- Long line
(b) Ways of maintaining fishing gear
- Clean/ wash after use
- Repair damaged parts/ mend torn parts
- Dry in shade
- Store in shade/ do not keep in the sun
- Keep away from insects/ rodents
- Replace worn out parts
- Grease/ oil metal parts
(c) Advantages of using gill nets for catching fish
- Low energy consumption
- It is efficient
- Has high degree of size selectivity for fish
- Possibility of fishing in all available depth
- Fish of all sizes could be caught
- It can be used in all water bodies
- Does not require experts.
(d) Items required for making cast net
- Twine
- Mending needle/ needle
- Rope/ line
- Sinker / lead / weight
- Knives
- Scissors
- Netting material
- Swivel
(e) Equipment for measuring water quality parameters
Water quality parameter Equipment for measurement
(i) pH - pH meter
(ii) Turbidity - Secchi disc / Turbidometer/nephelometer
(iii) Temperature - Thermometer
(iv) Conductivity - Conductivity meter (electric)
(v) Dissolved oxygen - Dissolved Oxygen meter